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Political economy of transport in switzerland. Who governs, who decides and who provides funding?
Bernard Wuthrich, Political Journalist, Le Temps
Thursday, Dec. 5, 2019 · 9:26 a.m. · 21m 34s
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it hangs good morning ladies and gentlemen and uh was given a
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that's that is a quite complex which is to explain hundred as
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and also to give an overview of a governance
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and mobility in switzerland who governs who decides who finances
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and of course it's not an easy task uh because did
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did finance meanders all very complex so therefore how went like would
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be great not to go to central people compost are also i think it would have been easier to go there rather than
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explaining how fine the funding of mobility works in switzerland and
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you will see that it's uh quite a complex so many
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a stack called is working at different levels not only in terms of financing
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the conversion the constant local local municipality is that all the transport companies also
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so of course we know our own vision companies you know the big companies
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c. have fed cup most uh uh some originals companies matter
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sensibly but only if you know that there is for example
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the fact sensation which is not a possible public and that
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there are two hundred and fifty uh companies affiliated to that decision
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soul it shows the complexity of it or and that therefore we try to explain it all to you
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and plays around the uh as a we're in a very a just
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a as an opening a statements to salute the personality of the vision uh
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that was the second to make it out of a like humour is like the enemy animal obviously not to imitate him
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but uh when imitates that personality used at a sentence
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uh that particular sentence and uh of course uh i
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just imagine million on the a no imitating less collusion
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now says closing chart so in order to understand the
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um the the various mechanisms i used as a reference
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because i think that it is a much easy uh the financing public transport numbers
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come from a really trial comprise this uh data and uh this uh
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'kay all on its own shows you the complexity of it all because they're all many
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different nouns uh many intersecting lines it almost looks like a train and then yet
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we're talking about financial flows and it shows you a number of things for example
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you will see that the you have to up the usual oh i'll count on
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the budget so which phones to regional uh try feet uh these or the darker
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uh area as it was your to start with but is um darker colour and
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colour red it's in at the upper end of the table and you
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can see that this is almost into equal a colour um school with
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to a million francs for the regional local in one medium to subside
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eyes to a local low traffic and then you have the federal budget uh
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which funds divisional a traffic and therefore we're talking about you operations side of
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it and i would mention infrastructure in a bit and then all you have to
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a community municipality but uh uh budgets uh we and then at the very bottom
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you also have the taxonomy number also that's you also which are
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finances the flights of a good send also a small
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part about two million which are fine and sees a to
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a car plans board where cars all legit for example you know
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to draw different parts in switzerland was channels where you can not cars
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so you can say that is a a table is quite complex and i will show you the second uh
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graphic a slide which is it it'll be a lesser complex um the set
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is about financing public transport infrastructure is a massive about block in the middle
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which is a a rag infrastructure fund which was accepted by
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the people in february two dozen fourteenth was a counter proposal
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uh from uh not to a project for the funding of a
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public a gospel attendees fun is not even it is used to finance
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the man tons uh operation and management of the network was about four point two
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a big here is a perl you know this all average uh the numbers you might not be able to see
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what's at the bottom of the screen that uh from where your sat but uh yet you can see that as some non
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some figures all from twenty sixteen some from one seventeen someone contagion
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but we're looking at a similar kind of average and uh we also
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have a tax on the main routes that is uh used to finance
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the freight of good set and that in the infrastructure various all daryl
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roughly year four point five billion out of uh and uh
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for that's uh so these are infrastructure of found is financed as follows
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first of all it is you when i found this font and then we also have the tax on uh
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heavy a lot is a tie dyed a long ways and then this taxes then uh
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showing up into transport prices and therefore on the glove being transported to
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the i all i mean this
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is through a v. h. d. also
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they have all also the countenance which is when you and ah
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yeah as taxpayers or so the tax on fuel so we're talking about
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uh the drivers and i think that's a that's most of you and me too there's also
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the configuration budget so you and i to ice taxpayers so therefore shows that in the end
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whichever we look at its citizens and consumers all contributing to the financing
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of these uh probably cry a transport infrastructure so different channels so these set
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reading frustrate fund uh uh as it is a two day
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as to uh planning to stay ga is one was looted by bottom unseen
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one or two words or twenty twenty five with some elements
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are to be commended by twenty twenty five and the second element
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a is too was twenty thirty five and would say that uh as of today or if
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t. n. yeah the bombers are preparing the next stage um two words twenty thirty five or
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but nothing is quite completing that's uh every year just yet sort of set or console
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was a proposed following do work so carried out by d. obviously that possible out shoe
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particular envelopes for these uh implementation the first step twenty
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twenty five a three point five a big in france and then
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eleven point nine million francs for twenty thirty five and this is what came out of parliament for the first that
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six point four million for on site the second step twelve want eighty nine begins wrongs
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so not far from twenty uh billions uh in a total and all of
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this is due to the fact that uh and we will have first or
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answer to the question as that we ask yourself who is in charge
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while to measure lobbies directional up is all extremely powerful adopted by
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the controls but accountants all than i as the most themselves uh
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and uh in a um french speaking switzerland there is the c.
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d. as a which is a conference for uh oh weston switzerland
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the trance bought a which is sponsored by west lie association which
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causes all of the french speaking switzerland as well as the band control
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and therefore they have a real big and put pressure in order to add to this implementation
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program some projects that the federal council did not want to implement a soul for example or
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the doubling of to a lurch there gotten all
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let's back to know what i did by parliament because the c. t. s. o.
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mobile as the and all of to a state counsellors so who
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are represented with the way stretch report last fall i i did um
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investments so that was the was back
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and also in a shack i round relaxation
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and uh between shirt and undershirt phone does it could decide can small
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hamlet core somewhat brat and the trends right in one and one way
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people come out of the tray and go to the other side of the
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triangle that to go the other way in order to go to sort of forceful
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you will check to certain spy trendy too much attention to
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fall what's it would take fifteen to twenty minutes by car
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depending on what uh because there is a channel so the contents mobile as in that sense as what engine of our
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a console on and up ten if you uh extremity and so therefore
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that nobody's action and that it quite a bit of work so so
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a disease so less well known that it was a good ah committee and then mentioned shown this
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because this guy there's a chain can't aunts from central switzer than than the germans because with that and
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and uh you also have a count on like a civic which is part of what our count
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on it you know that that is a recount or is very powerful it was a buy new also
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in a year you have public transport and that they are another put some pressure on
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in order to obtain some uh improvements that button details but awesome tunnels in the region of
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to be a bit although and it was also the problem of the set and a station uh
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which is uh i still as it could as i can the idea is to have a news
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um the other around the station which would enable us to go from the
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big two or i didn't know without having to go through a bus so
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all of these shows a start the regions and accountants ever put a lot of pressure on parliament
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anal about to uh increase that investment uh and what happened there
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therefore i want against the the uh officer alphonse pop non send
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us e. f. f. plans uh audio visual possible wanted a better proposition
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of uh the uh implementation sender there was also another problem and uh which is that
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all many uh works uh we is different perturbation of that uh a lot of people off
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very uh sensitive to the timetables being uh uh dad to well respected and uh
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they react very quickly when it rains console all whether any perturbations of any kind
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so there are quite a weight of it not being able to uh implemented the thing was in the
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i planned a schedule and time nine will within twenty twenty five and twenty thirty five
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and our remind us that all that to get the trains lauding and they will
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not a big i is what do they
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do what had is difficult to have a
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global of of you as if you'd one uh invest and i took the biggest one does the f. f. in order to show
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what the investment is in uh the network development and improvements
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of the network so if we look at the twenty eighteen
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figures to have received roughly three point five billion francs from public
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uh contributions we seen the procession convention of data text
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basically for us on the configuration and out of the money
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there is a five hundred and sixty one it's almost three
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point five billion invested in the the rare which is the
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rolling uh material infrastructure runway and this is
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mostly finest by the uh public uh uh senses
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but you can also see this a graphic that this is also used to
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in order to finance the development of network and we go back once again
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to the user and consumer who travels by train and a database to their price of the ticket part of uh does
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which is used to finance the network and i will give you
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a second example because it's shows do complexity and absurdity of uh
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some of this financing modes of for example laptop about b. s. earlier on
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and the b. l. as a ease a company from band and
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uh the show the service between band the shot at and the shortfall
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and that is a reading is a one way uh
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one way track uh for the most part time is it basically works uh taking place in to
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given an region uh which is uh the place that goes all over the sorry in under two
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works were carried out a tunnel under the edges which is being a bit uh wed would have
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a jewel a ways of finance by the lesson
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that another channel was financed by of federal fund that
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was adopted by parliament and that was aimed for
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high speed trains yet at all no high speed trains
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going on this uh line since twenty thirty nine yeah the tunnel
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wise uh open last year which shows that there is quite a lot
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of work to be carried out in all that one tangle all
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of these it's a very complicated to check all of these elements too
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so now ah go back to the uh reginald and a low colour
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travel a t. r. v. they're all one thousand funded lines in this was around one hundred
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twenty companies a task to with visual traffic and it's uh
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as a complex as for the networks as uh the car
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a postal abbreviate then i would come back to that uh
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uh in the beats and the t. t. r. v. a.s um
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finance constantly by the federation underground and which indicates or transport companies
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what expectations on order of offers services offered and timetable and yet
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they establish clear as um start all available in order to a plan
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as well as the product of a from the uh transport you cats and then the public in them days or
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calculated from this figures but the car pasta uh
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'kay send that we mentioned is now shows that so the reality is much more complex because
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in principle o. g. uh intimate is all the subsidies if are kinda column uh as a sure
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means that uh we they also call of uh uh duh duh deficits but yet
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what happened was copper stock up was that for many years receive ten minutes is that
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the competition and i've been able to receive because it covered some costs that were not covered
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their record it is and uh different uh uh
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lines uh within the company for example uh we should
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pause that a day finance the development of the company in front was part of that money but yet
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i cannot express myself for the as the fact polar investigation
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uh and that that subject is not quite a finished however
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there's a particular restrictive investigation uh okay but that by uh members of parliament which uh
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is i finish nine it confirmed him hypotheses that was mentioned as soon as the couples talk
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case came out which is that in fact there was a legislation and regulation problem
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uh as a cop was that uh was basically in between two stores to schools first of
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all there is a base station on subsidies which forbids for uh then if it's to be
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uh taken from the a subsidy to uh parts but yeah the pasta
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group expect all of the surgeries to participate in yeah i knew all
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uh gains a because the annual can see this isn't before posting all that to then give
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give it into consideration so you can see that it's a catch twenty two it's extremely complex
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and clark was that was called indecent rather than a putting this on the table and the or
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have to yeah by the way was aware of this a method but nobody did anything can change that
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okay so wasn't covered then became a big scandal in twenty eighty nine yet it carried out
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for at least ten years the first investigations
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did not unable to demonstrate when copper stocks started
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wizard this uh a kind of a accounting
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operations a fact ball will probably determine the set
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and yet it shows that this is a efficiently complex and uh the
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because we have two registrations that go one close yet uh which are
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that's do not enable us to know what's allow them was not allowed so in yeah and cop was that
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made an agreement with the account on a wall which stipulates a um reimbursement
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of london five million of four of a a reception of a subsidies so
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this is what i had done and the this guy is a
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raise some suspicions in a number of count on senate manage to
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speak with different state counsellors won't charge of a mobility in their respective cantons
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and our ask obsessive the wrong no transport companies did not use the
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same ways and manners and are to this day i don't know either
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casey is uh in the same vein that uh uh vocal but yet i will give you my you
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but an observation i think they would be nobody's interest uh for this kind of uh
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uh cases to be uncovered because obviously this is part of the system but i think
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that no apartment when i look at this in order to correct all of these so
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now in order to come back to do a matter regarding the governance of mobility
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i think that uh we can see that there are many different a stack colours for the configuration diseased obviously
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there are times bought a represented is direct area who
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was you know older fate or feces are quite powerful there
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i have a quite a a bigger stonewalled on their original had seneca
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cohn uh further or a department store also the c. f.
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f. another transport companies also get a lot of the same way
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i can imagine the also the cantons and a parliament and if we need data
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to a designate one a stack although that would be more powerful than yeah those
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without me without hesitation this would count on this i think that we have seen
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uh here and we used to different investments steps of the red infrastructure
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funds that it is under the pressure of the contents apartment reacted and
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re still to to and perhaps uh for the twenty twenty five budget and twenty
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thirty five budget idea pushing down to almost twenty big in france in parliament actually because
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eighties the bleep it represents to regions which is made up
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of representatives for these regions and therefore it is quite sensitive to
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the contents representation some of calls the contents interest in that case is to raise
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they would be able to afford a confederation of course for them to have a little less to play in that respect so i think that
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in a fit of a switch and of course the data cantons
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all the main stack all those these days one last word in order
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mention to you what the future might be made of a thing that is attention errors mentioned the
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digital as a shell and which will bring some major changes
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but it's extremely difficult to know which changes we're talking about
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what's important to see today is that the uh mobility a price scene yeah
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uh targets different uh object is which is a better description of traffic
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well the nice work differently mall uh today working maybe to a group some
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operators uh i've some vaulted or office maybe suggested green 'cause of c. f. f.
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some accent applications make all this possible overall number of them that are being attested or active
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said there is safe f. moby but i've a fat it said go and others to which uh
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regroup a mobility uh obscene asian and therefore this is a tool that might uh
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lead the user to pay a fair price but uh yet all of
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this will take some time and this will uh present just was a number
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of challenges uh here in sweden for example we talk about different uh
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competencies such as a general i would like to uh introduce some uh been
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uh some leaven payments came such as in london for example but
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yet so this is not within their roommates a devil we need
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to have a consensus in order to obtain from the configuration the all of
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the position to do so and the answer is we know up until now
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or so some payments on the amount of wasted but yet uh it was conceived the fall
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uh did you fall more taxation and uh the uh caught 'em vignette and
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uh we as a you know that on many model waves its uh and uh
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country is uh who uh ask for payment to use the model way i've menu less uh exits uh
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all from the model ways than we have in switzerland web sometimes the only five hundred
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to six hundred meter apart so that would be a problem for the infrastructure is also be
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a problem full the general subscription because if we uh look at mobility pricing
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to general subscription will be and uh uh a consideration and yet the disease
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uh the instrument to finance and funded mobility
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which uh for example the tax on fuel so
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we do that not be as a prevalent as it is now for example at the moment
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we have to consider the position of activate calls and the yet the taxes
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uh so receipts from fuel will uh give us a message in the future if you go to words okay now
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a few real uh which will cause us some changes regarding the
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financing of his mobility and you should have an impact on the financing
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i have the infrastructure and the public the transport off are either could conclude by saying that uh
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the complexity of the complexity of the transport of funding will
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uh uh in the future become the complexity of the apps
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oh
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