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Green Chemistry: The Molecular Mechanisms of Sustainability and Innovation
John Warner, Warner Babcock Institute for Green Chemistry (USA)
Thursday, Sept. 26, 2019 · 6:09 p.m. · 29m 11s
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i have to click with both of them were to come to um basically it's a pleasure to
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to be here once again i am not giving the same target gave yesterday i yesterday we talked about
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nature's mechanisms of creativity and other innovate that way
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this talk i wanted to give you a little bit more both foundation both green chemistry
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you know working from what it is and i know that you've had great lectures from
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that's a clark another was um give a a different perspective on this so that we
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walk away trying to feel comfortable about what green chemistry is and how it all works well
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you know we're gonna vary polar ice world we open up the newspaper
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turn on the radio look on the internet here about this is toxic this
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is bad this is scary people are dying from it says like oh
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my goodness who would wanna be understand twenty nineteen that's all these bad things
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it's almost like back pain whack a mole you know the game whack a mole with a little animal comes
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up and you get nothing that bring it another comes
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up what is the mascot of the american chemical society
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okay so we're both from the flame attacks we hear about this feeling
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we hear about ballots we hear about national park we hear about ocean plastic one more breath because if we
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start to learn about one thing another issue comes in and start the one about that one another issue comes
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to sell fast our heart is racing apparatus is going and we
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don't know is this serious is this really bad with a poncho height
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and we have asked only people will apply and on this day and molecular structure manage
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and if we are not sure who's supposed to be sure
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and so the most important thing we gotta do
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is not despair despair right now on twenty nineteen cell
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you know people you know can you imagine if reverend martin luther king
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instead of saying i have the drinks he said i have a nightmare
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uh you know rich people were written checks despaired have get people to write checks but
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no one would've gotten up off of this seed in done anything it's it's just all that
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and so we need to find a way to see how the chemical enterprises working with society
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can kind of take it take a deep breath and figure out what is the path for
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alright and so what six that there are red pigments out there
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that carcinogens let sex set but there was some plaster sizes that might be causing
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breast effect but except that maybe there are some monomer that are under current disrupt
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we can debate is this toxic is this bad is
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this park this bad we can pay people to have little
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animals die hard that's when we expose them to different things well we could step back and asking the right question
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really isn't the most fundamental question we should be asking is not is this toxic this toxic
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why would a chemist maker has as much room for sports isn't that far more
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fundamental how was it that we do this you know shorten nobody and and still
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so maybe instead of looking at how we make molecules we
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need to take a step back and say how we make comments
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now i'm a chemists in so maybe there's something interesting in the way that happen
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i started life as an undergraduate at u. mass
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boston i worked with the professor john karen so mike
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published a bunch of papers you know when i was very young and
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got really into chemistry next thing you know i found myself that princeton university
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published about twelve papers on the design of an anti full weight it's um it it inhibits g. our current
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formalism find the delights in to save the molecule that now that eli lilly companies sell that although limped up
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one the most successful anti cancer drugs uh when yesterday if you're
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interested in the stuff that i was doing this is some of that
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i see that i had done oh no if you go the princeton campus
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uh you'll find the microbiology building in
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the chemistry building these beautiful below designs buildings
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are entirely paid for by the by the reverend is
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developed by this material so prints very happy about that
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just to show the relationship between science and society i actually lost my
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mom in two thousand and two the cancer she with but see the thing
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the drug that i had been on part of the team that
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bell fifteen years earlier so the relationship between science and society and and
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this thing i fully expected you know by the time i before i graduated to universities
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had offered me professor ships in the decimal chemistry i had every intention of going into academia
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well not of the blow up the whole word operation the corporate office unable it l. l. i. calls me up
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any ah that's me the job of adding text oratory reese
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i'm twenty four years old i say that the guy did um medicinal chemists them
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going into academia told me how much you gonna pay me i said wonder why star
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saddam an industrial um us up or
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instant photography this is the coolest place to the other and less than united states bell labs
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it kind of going back to when lee and the most famous invent rather than addison in united states
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history at the time you got the perk another one nineteen seventy four how was that
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and they gave it to me so really helpful and i think um but i was the last i had a great team with me
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published a hundred patents very very quickly if medical diagnostics a larger things things like that
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wow what a medicinal chemist do at a place like the whole
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i'm used to doing chemistry that's happening in sells this stuff if nothing there then
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and yet industry is making molecules like that's yeah that's also how white reconcile
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this and so with very introspective about the prophecies that all one in nature versus
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industrial things and yesterday my lecture what a lot of of my
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fox based on on this interesting dichotomy here
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but one of the things that i and then did what's called non cool they went derivatives age
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the same way that you would do them that's a little bobble butyl feudal
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being to cold violently to read the title material i would make self assembled systems
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and essentially change the physical chemical properties and all the different properties
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including the three dimensional lattice as a composition of matter
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so my first patent in this was in nineteen ninety one
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uh essential at college your organic metallurgy were i
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take phase diagrams and look at both the you tactics
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in the new faces of binary intern airy systems that that's fine you
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need physical and chemical properties and then look at the unit cell geometries
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can actually make the claim than the patent based on it to
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into molecular space thing and things like that in can dictate dissolution
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if a molecule of the nepal matrix looming interface separating you can
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pretty much do anything you would normally do would go we don't synthesis
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this way but it opens up a whole lot of the winter in things and such and there
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the license plate of like arts and see the sun article they'll an agent
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interesting enough my tackle first patent in this came out in nineteen ninety one
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alright it wasn't until twenty years later that the
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f. d. a. started issuing regulatory guidelines on corporate style
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what this was with the early early days of what ultimately pharmaceutical cool crystals are but i but an
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encore will want to read but it's not a coke recently co pressed all the non causal drill bit of
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non covered would that they should much broader everyday
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first principles design except get eighteen i'm like um matrix
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that off with uni patent protection but also fast that i'm the
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market because you don't have the same regulatory hurdles with an existing yeah
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well anyways hole or even the photographic industry caught call one of
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my inventions one or complexes and we went to lap steel manufacturer
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you have to going get e. p. a. approval to do that you have to go to toss going united states
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what's called a low volume exemption upstream manufacturing notification this is
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the late eighties this is before internet and thing so it
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painters boxes filled with files should the washington d. c.
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we waited we waited now commonly the e. p. a. rejected the application
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not because of toxicity not because of environmental and that they
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set up a small particles you crazy molecular complexes i i
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they had no idea what i was doing so paul already put me on an
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aeroplane instantly to washington d. c. to teach the e. p. a. about local station
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one of the first times in my life i've on an aeroplane and sitting
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at the door of the e. p. a.'s office the pollution prevention and art
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holding a briefcase of overhead transparencies will scared little mad
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nobody don't i meet the branch chief of the office of pollution prevention and toxics this guy named all that way
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i know that's i grew up with them in the same city of nonsense of eleven years
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all we went to undergrad do together in fact of playing in the jazz band with little brother
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the little brother on the saxophone with me on the keyboard is my older bro
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and then this guy that the tab where food i've been to
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las they it's in las vegas doesn't act couple legends of rock the
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dude who played for us to do it with them had nothing to
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do this docket botanical when a ways i could say to politic there
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whole or it was synthesise thing these materials using
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all these steps all these solvents all these reagents
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here we have come up with a one step formulation that it's a we as non toxic
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chairman to banana in you're giving me a hard time because it's teeth
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isn't anything better for the environment going to be front if the e. p. a. is gonna make
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it difficult isn't that just exactly what you shouldn't you shouldn't you be promoting that which is good
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we don't really hype without really false after we like the less energy less toxic
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more environment it's possible we really didn't know how to even think about that so
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three that's moment in time here i am a whole word employee alright and
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that the e. p. a. having this philosophical conversation of time to market especially c.
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i haven't won so many awards i'm on the cover of celebrity magazine as
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its inventor i've gotten all these for that spoke at the national that in
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my head is this big i am the greatest cannons doable well known at
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the the in all the sudden life has a way of taking in the teeth
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i lose my two year old son john to abort my son john with one
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with the birth defect called billy read easier is little was detached from it and asked
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you couldn't have white water insoluble nutrients got surgery
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yet or in by two years old we lost
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lying in bed and i didn't feel staring at the ceiling asking so
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i want something like tops on my son's birth i
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wonder of heaven forbid something i dunno what's all plastics dizzy
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i didn't feel like some awesome them with some great trip something missing
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now i'm real i i know boats about stolen future kind of vaguely aware of people talking about that
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i realised that this things i'm looking now one more inland high incidence of
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types of two words in professional tennis elevated breast cancer mortality among professional and now that
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i'm working this report after report after report after report that talks about this isn't that after
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you don't wanna get the funding graduate in four years of graduate school that had a conversation i never had a
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discussion i certainly never had a class on how the winchester
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take negative impact on human health and the environment of molecules
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then i realised every here in the united states allow
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justin united states we graduate it eighteen holes and undergraduate them
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three thousand masters degrees three thousand doctoral degrees in two thousand four for the
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first time in history more women's that bit i mean i missed and and
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what could be more important to the field of chemistry in understanding the
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relationship between molecular structure in potential impacts on human health and the environment
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and yet no one university who are is a student of chemistry had even the
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most basic training of how google weren't about negative impacts on human health and humour
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think about what that sentence
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the only people who know how to make molecules
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don't get trained on how to anticipate the negative and
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why do we have red pigments the card gets why we have classes that the cover up the fact
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why them on them instead of this isn't an epic battle of good and evil
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this isn't industry versus environmental with them to something someone you want far more complicated
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that's something we use in the field of chemistry has of all to
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not see this is part of who we are it's not self definition
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in it we the only people who want to stay in molecular structure don't take this part of our job
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the job that so pollen i realised we didn't need a philosophy we didn't
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the the social movement we did it up all what we needed to sign
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we needed to create the tools of sign it we need
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to have journals and text boxing classes in conferences and workshops
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so that we could use the tools of incremental science to start addressing
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this from from the bottom up and has the birth of green and
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so he and i we wrote this book and i thought anyone with that we're gonna read this book
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we had written a better work um but i i feel like far as dumb you know not in all in the
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last any other than over sixty five countries meeting presidents and
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prime ministers and princes and celebrity thing cutting ribbons in giving talk
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the the book has been translated mount over fifteen different languages in anyone could afford that's
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there's nothing or shaking you return the pages and says you know one should
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learn about the impact of human health new rundown of what you synthesise some
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okay and so now here we are in twenty nineteen and it's
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just become one thing it's just amazing how green chemistry it exploded
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at mine actually never arrested that seventy five million dollar research facility american chemical society
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has a green chemistry institute berkeley had to send to
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change clack at the centre your most consumer facing company
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have internal green chemistry programs some of them even of directors of vice president
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of green chemistry this you know yale in berlin it's kind of nice
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they have that john warner centre for green kind of the status which is
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i don't know if the united nations have a very active green chemistry program
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does over twelve journals dedicated to green
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chemistry over fifty textbooks dedicated to green chemistry
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g. c. three is a hundred and sixty member unit of organisation of complete
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and copy green chemistry commerce council look at this statement here
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we are deeply concerned that student a graduate informal colleges and universities
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with insufficient understanding of environmental sustainability digits
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for companies to compete successfully the global economy
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part of that these principles that part of the education week
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sheet looking at this as an industrial issue it's fundamental chemistry h.
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now i started this nonprofit copy on one nine in
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my yeah well actually any canon and i my wife
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about founded it and we have one of the programs we have what's called the green and the speed limit
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where we ask chemistry departments to find a way
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to get green chemistry into the work why not elected
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but the require correctly so that students where if you
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do have a molecule menu wondering is this the costs energy
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you don't have to do you during your toxicologist but had asked the question what are the resources that are available
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when you if you're going in the right direction and not so so it's not
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to be home an expert in the subject but weren't to tap into the bass
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uh in the last twenty years the field of toxicology and environmental sciences
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the mask massive database of information we chemists need to learn to tap and some
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and so there's been over seventy international universities assign the green chemistry commitment
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to me in this is really important drink and that's three is the ah over moving has advances side
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not the desire not the discussion not a journal article but the successful act of removing as it from
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deciding so it has to be yes have some better and
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um property from human health and the environment that's not enough
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if it doesn't have better performance than the incumbent technology
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in better cost then the incumbent technology no one's gonna buy
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and so when someone comes to me and they said oh john we have to go
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beyond green chemistry you know work on putting the wearable performance impossible but it didn't we bought
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the whole point is that exactly we cannot and on
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regulations and incentive to drive sustainability in a hypothetical world
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will list you say hypothetically a president united states the like that that reads we re
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imagines environment the regulations hypothetically all those that
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structure falls like the house of car it's
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but if the technology the divine design by
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scientists should have market desirability because of the performance
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and the cost in all by the way here's
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the environmental but that's that's now that's true sustainability
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but if those canisters those scientists haven't the most basic training
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of how did what is just a whole bunch of wishes
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and so the only with the of the performance and the cost oh by the way it's better for the environment now you've got going on
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and so the twelve principles of green chemistry is a
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one hour lecture by itself important thing about these twelve principles
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these are not buzz words of how to of value waited technology
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create a little cradle the circular connelly there's many of metrics that
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you can do to evaluate how something performed against the set a standard
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the the design for the researcher in the developed but to invent something new
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that performs that so it's not an evaluation that you speak to the outside world it
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is a research and development tool that's it's okay if we're go invent this new class
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psycho people balloons and this new pigment bottle invent this new molecule what are
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that's the the the land mines that we need to avoid what is the information that we need
00:19:42
so that if we address it at the earliest stage of research when it's the most cost effective
00:19:48
then when not fixing problems later on in development and you have a faster time to market
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alright and so to me if you would set green chemistry is better performance better cost
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at all by the way better for the environment the only actual bar is its invention
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no i'm not saying it doesn't automatically that unfortunately
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the thing is never in history has a new technology
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taken over incumbent technology in common technology usually doesn't say take me on yours
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what what ends up happening is that that the status full has a way of finding that
00:20:25
in if something it green unfortunately it doesn't give us
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a been advantage alright in so i'm left whole right
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and i went to the university of massachusetts to start the world for that age you program in green chemistry
00:20:40
everything that's in a normal chemistry program but added a one semester class and mechanistic
00:20:45
toxicology added a one semester class and environmental
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mechanisms either one semester class um aren't policy
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ten years a hundred and twenty uh so students have to this program at different levels
00:20:58
no the average time to for one of the students to get a job in industry
00:21:02
to get the longest any students spent looking for a job was
00:21:06
two weeks if she had six job officer pocket that you with
00:21:10
so interested in out of academia for over ten years and still getting phone calls
00:21:14
to get anyone because they know how to solve problems but i like everyone else
00:21:20
also can tap into this knowledge base of regulatory toxicity environmental and that
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no well i work at of all the price right now in your everyone's talking or substitute shirts
00:21:31
everyone saying one or something we need to insist on substitutions the problem with the concept of substitution which
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is very important we need to do is you can
00:21:40
only replace something with the substitution if the substitution exact
00:21:46
and from my perspective of all the products and product we in the tools that we have
00:21:51
maybe ten percent of speech someone's screw me ninety percent of
00:21:55
them have something wrong with them that someone's trying to reply
00:21:58
if you locked for substitution you may find it every
00:22:03
twenty twenty five percent of the time but right now
00:22:06
in in nineteen twenty nineteen i what i grew up
00:22:08
to sixty five percent of the technologies hadn't been invented yet
00:22:13
this isn't an epic battle of that enable industry than watching the solutions to some kind
00:22:18
of profit they don't exist in efforts i didn't fully understand this of the crisis of innovation
00:22:25
do we know how to win that these alternative how do we
00:22:29
channel the academic organisations to do that this isn't the birth of assets
00:22:35
people who don't do bring tennis is not like that
00:22:37
was somehow morally bankrupt the problem is it's historically in chemistry
00:22:42
with seen tends to just it just has to be talked it has to be dangerous but okay but would love to protect
00:22:48
asking when asked to protect along with goggles tractor i don't software
00:22:52
the vulcans notes that check yeah the when the seas or okay
00:22:56
that first page when i should all those headlines those companies would doing stuff like this problem of these things happen
00:23:04
every one of these things come at us if you're looking at
00:23:08
risk union mitigating it by exposure by definition you must lose money
00:23:14
but the chemistry the revolution green cellist with
00:23:17
with twenty years of taxes toxicology valid health sciences
00:23:21
we can start looking at these things in if you reduce the intrinsic ad
00:23:26
you don't have to pay this extraordinary money on this project and all
00:23:29
the sudden you're looking at this of a profit centre not at a loss
00:23:33
because the cost of doing you working with a nasty i don't have to tell people on this forum is deserving of expense
00:23:40
so what i did like tallied all the regulations in united states since the eighteen seventy
00:23:46
in nineteen sixty two the year i was born rachel carson publish silent spring and with the
00:23:51
simple and that's not a mathematician statistician but i think i see a change in trend here
00:23:56
or write the single biggest impediment to six asked the corporate we went to the
00:24:00
corporate world it's understanding the future very good which understanding where is this all gal
00:24:06
and if we don't have a works less capable of inventing it against us
00:24:11
then all we can do with higher volumes divide and that's just not the way we should be dealing
00:24:17
and so tight research didn't analysis claim that green chemistry would be at twenty in
00:24:23
by twenty twenty would be a hundred billion dollar industry it past that mark last year
00:24:28
alright obviously the world is changing and waking up so i see it as a set of toolbar
00:24:34
okay we have a tool box for the chemical into prices for all these different transformations unfortunately
00:24:41
doing chemistry two boxes and i believe any individual any
00:24:45
company will open the green chemistry to block for us
00:24:49
but it's likely and and they don't have the luxury of standing in having the program to invent an alternative
00:24:55
we have to do with the cost of the glove than the masterly bottles and was just do the traditional chemistry
00:25:01
we gotta fill this to be gotta find a way
00:25:03
to engage academia in other institutions to fill this toolbar
00:25:08
that's why i started the wanna babcock institute for green chemistry with jen babcock so
00:25:13
twenty two thousands with for four thousand square meter research
00:25:17
facility uh around boston it has twenty five of brilliant scientist
00:25:23
the last eight or nine years with filed over two hundred
00:25:26
and fifty patents would work with over a hundred multi nationals these
00:25:29
are the ones that i have assigned that about at instead
00:25:33
of the sign technologies to will spawn out several companies we've got
00:25:38
a pharmaceutical company and they all last respond out of solar company uh affordable to
00:25:44
a company would spun other half file technology will spun out of their colour technology
00:25:50
recently just back a couple weeks ago i
00:25:53
testified to the house of representatives in united states
00:25:57
the day after bob model or in the saint see i testified there itself
00:26:02
sustainable chemistry research and develop an active twenty ninety
00:26:06
it will probably plaster house but the nice state
00:26:09
everything goes to the senate to die so that's gonna happen but we're trying so um and
00:26:15
not static here in europe and having to pay him screen chemistry book yeah
00:26:20
the just monday and tuesday of this week we had one in the end the next one i think
00:26:24
it's going to be in helsinki and then another and and in the end of my point is that
00:26:30
people think green chemistry is some kind of various some kind of
00:26:35
self and also my got it's gonna make a job so much harder
00:26:39
i don't feel that i'm being slowed down i think that actually green chemistry is an ex elements time
00:26:45
to market isn't an innovative we'll just in a few and teresa from the perspective of a competitive advantage
00:26:53
just we we only to be so thank you for taking the time
00:26:56
to listen to me and i'm glad to have this opportunity thank you how
00:27:09
john thank you very much forties were sparring
00:27:12
talk so it was just a firework of um
00:27:16
information i am i really it's not listed on i don't
00:27:19
know what's to say but maybe dark always that of course means
00:27:24
i i think we have the time for one question and still be move on to reflect are you or are
00:27:29
we actually practical designer each quarter panel discussion but if there is one question at the maybe it's a yes please
00:27:40
the correct bicker about it from down thank you very much for
00:27:43
that very inspiring actually i would like to know what is your page
00:27:49
uh_huh my my vision is that we all need
00:27:52
to change acted emu we gotta get if every student
00:27:58
learns that's no matter what industry they go and whether they go to the
00:28:01
family industry that into industry the electronics industry with this knowledge they will do bad
00:28:08
and we need what what's happening is we spend so much time looking at products
00:28:13
we can have a say to society this product is safe someone they find in the future
00:28:19
that without save is no longer say it's a liability be looking at the molecules in the materials
00:28:26
but we can look at the people in we can say that uh to the to the to the public that
00:28:31
the field of toxicologist constantly changing the field of environmental
00:28:35
sciences and switches beep pharmacies society that all of last sciences
00:28:41
will always be retrained in a regular period to make
00:28:44
sure that the noble ladies knowledge on this so that everything
00:28:48
we do we can't promise we're not gonna make mistakes but we're gonna do everything we can to minimise that she
00:28:54
the only way we're gonna do that is to change the way we
00:28:56
teach ourselves in do gamut and has to happen it has happened yet
Conference Program
Green Chemistry: The Molecular Mechanisms of Sustainability and Innovation
John Warner, Warner Babcock Institute for Green Chemistry (USA)
Sept. 26, 2019 · 6:09 p.m.
161 views
The Chemical Industry under the 4th Industrial Revolution
Rafael Cayuela, Dow Chemicals
Sept. 26, 2019 · 6:39 p.m.
170 views
Panel Discussion, moderated by Bérangère Magarinos-Ruchat, Global Head Sustanabillity, Firmenich
John Warner, Rafael Cayuela, Nicoletta Piccolrovazzi, Martin Vollmer, Juan Gonzalez-Valero, James Clark
Sept. 26, 2019 · 7:06 p.m.
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