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Introduction of Liisa Galea
Liisa Galea, University of British Columbia, Canada
Tuesday, Dec. 12, 2017 · 9:56 a.m. · 05m 49s
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thank you very much to the organisers for inviting me to this beautiful country i'm here to talk about some of my very favourite
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uh in research that's been done a right my esteemed hamlet and i talked a
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little bit about so the work that we've been doing in the passion
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and uh really i've been setting where the female brain um mostly because i think males that have
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their 'kay i i was gonna do that job but i just put it in there
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um and but also because i believe that um happiness not like not just
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believe i know the thickness of the different physiology to the fact that
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the ones getting pregnant giving birth providing parental care and so that's gonna change organisation of
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a female brains and there's a lot of evidence to support this and maybe we can talk about it later
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um i'm a nurse scientist and i'm interested in depression in women are more likely to become the price
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i like this crowd because it shows across the lives there and this is the female to male
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ratio so anything about one would be women greater anything about two more than twice as likely
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well i think it's really important is that we can use this knowledge to see
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that where women are more likely you're more vulnerable is during the major reproductive years
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suggesting that it's that unique physiology that makes them
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more volatile and also um oh sorry
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um suggest that there's two alternate biological explanations for that uh the fact
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that women are more likely to get depression one is that one
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of the mobile mobile and the second is that men are more
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resistant i'm also really interesting hormones of a narrow and acknowledges
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that advice myself to words thinking that's formants ever gonna be in for a and another uh we created them
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in a number of animal models based on this promise target tiny little bit of a plus program
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uh and the other thing that we've been really interested in is does antidepressant efficacy
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a matter depending on the different types of a sax but also um
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that in and animal specific animal model of depression so somebody's already mentioned that
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stress plays a very important rule him participate precipitating depression
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so that uh and that little blast part there and as animal models of depression is really important
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uh so i study i'm another things under genesis which occurs in the hippocampus it's a brain
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region that's really compromised in both depression alzheimer's disease and uh what's really fast thing about
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the no genesis is it exists in or mammalian species but
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also that antidepressants and all antidepressants including kinda mean
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um can increase the number the production these new brain cells and they had the campus
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and they do so in a time line that's consistent with
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the behavioural efficacy or alleviation of a depressive symptoms
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so you can see in that top graph that it was only after twenty eight days of prozac
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or flat thirteen that you see that this increase in these new brain cells and we see this consistently in males some work uh
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we did on the bottom as well in fields you tend to see the same increase in their addresses which we know will
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seems to be tied to antidepressant efficacy but um inner animal models of depression we've done this a
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number of times now we don't actually see an increase in these new brain cells with
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how long prozac reflecting treatment and we we which is completely different that what you see
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in males or what you see in females that's out of the post pardon period
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but there's also a common side very nicely with what we see in
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the human data so women that happens from depression they don't
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seem to have a lot of efficacy from antidepressant treatment during the post part um and this is something i think we
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a sort of goes beyond the sex differences males versus females but either specific periods of
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time in a woman's life or she might need perhaps different kinds of treatment
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uh i wanted to uh talk a little bit about this works is postman we don't do
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very much working humans but we do a little bit so there's some postmortem tissue
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that people from um the stanley medical research foundation so
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there are three groups uh controls depressed patients that
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were prescribed antidepressants depressed patients with psychotic symptoms or prescribe antidepressants and it is i caught it
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and uh because i'm interested in sex uh i we split the
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data ah by men versus women and so we can see
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right there man and we're looking at those immature neurons as new cells as new brain cells in the the campus
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and we don't see much of a difference between those groups man but we do see a big difference in the women
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and if um we did but a lot of people do which is first i don't stratified by saxon just controlled for set
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uh and combine the groups altogether this is what the data looks like
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you still see a a slight increase non significant increase with antidepressants
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both men and women together but you'll do something really important but i think
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in that you see this changed women but you don't see it in
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and then lastly i wanted to and with a witch hunt a little but we haven't really
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talked about the types of sex differences and this comes from joe becker's work showing that
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um it's not just qualitative differences which i think ah we're all very familiar with a quantitative differences
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ross a population differences are so thinking about the depression feel that uh when
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women are more likely to present with co morbid anxiety than men are
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but also to use really important you might not have any sex
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difference are offered difference in behaviour trait you're interested in
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but the underlying neural mechanisms behind them may very well be different between the sexes and
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there's a number of examples of that i'm happy to share later thank you
Conference Program
Welcome Words
Maria Teresa Ferretti, President, Women's Brain Project
Dec. 12, 2017 · 8:48 a.m.
Welcome adress
Françoise Grossetête, member of the European Parliament
Dec. 12, 2017 · 8:55 a.m.
Presentation of the day
Sylvia Day, Forum host and WBP ambassador
Dec. 12, 2017 · 9:01 a.m.
Introduction of Elena Becker-Barroso
Elena Becker-Barroso, Editor-in-Chief of The Lancet Neurology
Dec. 12, 2017 · 9:21 a.m.
230 views
Introduction of Gillian Einstein
Gillian Einstein, University of Toronto, Canada
Dec. 12, 2017 · 9:28 a.m.
Introduction of Else Charlotte Sandset
Else Charlotte Sandset, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
Dec. 12, 2017 · 9:39 a.m.
Introduction of Carol Brayne
Carol Brayne, University of Cambridge, UK
Dec. 12, 2017 · 9:44 a.m.
Introduction of Maria Teresa Ferretti
Maria Teresa Ferretti, President, Women's Brain Project
Dec. 12, 2017 · 9:52 a.m.
158 views
Introduction of Liisa Galea
Liisa Galea, University of British Columbia, Canada
Dec. 12, 2017 · 9:56 a.m.
Introduction of Lawrence Rajendran
Lawrence Rajendran
Dec. 12, 2017 · 10:03 a.m.
244 views
Introduction of Thorsten Buch
Thorsten Buch, Director, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science (LTK), University of Zurich, Switzerland
Dec. 12, 2017 · 10:08 a.m.
Introduction of Meryl Comer
Meryl Comer , President & CEO, Geoffrey Beene Foundation Alzheimer's Initiative
Dec. 12, 2017 · 10:59 a.m.
Introduction of Mary Mittelman
Mary Mittelman, New York University School of Medicine, US
Dec. 12, 2017 · 11:05 a.m.
Introduction of Angela Abela
Angela Abela , University of Malta, Malta
Dec. 12, 2017 · 11:13 a.m.
Introduction of Tania Dussey-Cavassini
Tania Dussey-Cavassini, Former Swiss Ambassador for Global Health, Switzerland
Dec. 12, 2017 · 11:20 a.m.
480 views
Introduction of Rajendra Dhamane
Rajendra Dhamane
Dec. 12, 2017 · 11:29 a.m.
Introduction of Sofia Petersson
Dec. 12, 2017 · 1:23 p.m.
Introduction of Raj Long
Raj Long , Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Vice-Chair, World Dementia Council
Dec. 12, 2017 · 1:30 p.m.
200 views
Introduction of Antonella Santuccione Chadha
Antonella Santuccione Chadha , Swissmedic, Swiss Regulatory Agency, Switzerland
Dec. 12, 2017 · 1:32 p.m.
371 views
Introduction of Marsha B. Henderson
Marsha B. Henderson, Food and Drugs Administration, Office for Women's Health, US
Dec. 12, 2017 · 1:36 p.m.
Introduction of Maeve Cusack
Maeve Cusack, European Institute for Women's Health
Dec. 12, 2017 · 1:43 p.m.
Introduction of Hadine Joffe
Hadine Joffe, Harvard Medical School, US
Dec. 12, 2017 · 1:47 p.m.
Introduction of Maria Houtchens
Maria Houtchens, Harvard Medical School, US
Dec. 12, 2017 · 1:55 p.m.
Introduction of Valerie Bruemmer
Valerie Bruemmer, Senior Medical Advisor, Eli Lilly
Dec. 12, 2017 · 2:03 p.m.
Introduction of Malou Cristobal
Malou Cristobal, Polytrauma/ TBI / Vestibular Rehabilitation Program, New York Harbour
Dec. 12, 2017 · 2:08 p.m.
Panel Discussion: Sex and gender in clinical trials for brain and mental diseases – Reconsidering the way we test drugs
Dec. 12, 2017 · 2:12 p.m.
113 views
Wrap up of Panel Discussion 3
Raj Long , Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Vice-Chair, World Dementia Council
Dec. 12, 2017 · 3:23 p.m.
Presentation of Sofia, Robot
Sofia, Robot
Dec. 12, 2017 · 3:28 p.m.
Introduction of Nicoletta Iacobacci
Nicoletta Iacobacci , Singularity University Geneva
Dec. 12, 2017 · 3:32 p.m.
Introduction of Fabrizio Renzi
Fabrizio Renzi, Innovation and Technologies Director, IBM, Rome
Dec. 12, 2017 · 3:36 p.m.
Introduction of Joanna J. Bryson
Joanna J. Bryson , University of Bath, UK
Dec. 12, 2017 · 3:48 p.m.
Introduction of Myshkin Ingawale
Myshkin Ingawale, Facebook
Dec. 12, 2017 · 3:58 p.m.
Introduction of Kathryn Goetzke
Kathryn Goetzke, President, Chief Mood Officer & Founder, The Mood Factory, and Founder, iFred
Dec. 12, 2017 · 4:07 p.m.
Introduction of Nikolaos Mavridis
Nikolaos Mavridis , Interactive Robots and Media Labs, MIT, US
Dec. 12, 2017 · 4:13 p.m.
Panel discussion: Digital biomarkers and new technologies – New tools to support women's brain health
Dec. 12, 2017 · 4:26 p.m.
Closing remarks
Mara Hank Moret
Dec. 12, 2017 · 5:12 p.m.
605 views
