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00:00:00
i think survivor introduction and thank you everyone for being here
00:00:05
i'm gonna be spending a few minutes talking about social computing and illustrating my view
00:00:10
of social competing with concrete projects that we develop over the last two years
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but before that i would like just to start describing what it is so so you're comparing us a disciplined really integrates
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oh no mention morals from a ubiquitous computing machine learning social sciences with two large goals
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the first one is about insights know the words to understand how people
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use participate in ultimately benefit from social technical systems
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like social media phase balking sacraments own
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well they're online systems for instance cover a crow oh sourcing
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online companies but also more recently also my systems that link online
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activity to the physical world like oh we're already in b.
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that's the first go and then the second one is based on the understanding and those inside
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the can be derived from from analysing the systems how can we build computational methods
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that can all made certain tasks tours a better understanding of these phenomena
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but also trying to automate tasks that could support what people do on those online systems
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so in all these do a keyword use engaging engaging people with technology
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as we all know we can do a lot with a online systems because we live in the network
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and i think the fact that the our physical life in our online life are more more intertwined
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make it very clear that we can essentially do most every activity
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you know did you live through also should incur systems and
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the social meat is clearly the quintessential example of of a system like this
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they're kind of activities with the one face broken inside grammar trader how actually shaped
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recently for better or for worse some of the last uh trance inertial side
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so much of the research done in social me has to do with looking at uh
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oh no so you're comparing has to do with looking at social media as a
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source of data but more importantly as a as a source of of our research questions
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but as we have also seen in the last few years there should the limitations of
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thinking of social media as a uh so fair description of society for several reasons
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i refer to them as biases but there were other ways of all conceptualising the limitations
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the first not only is this is ergonomic one which is not not everybody
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user percent did not remember societies are presented for your social media
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the second one is that as a result of that not everything is represented as social media
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and if it relates only to the geographic aspect of it but the replays
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is represented insertion media and has been a a lot of uh
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press in the last couple of years about the facts of all these blind size that we have
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when we take these as a behavioural traits of our society and we
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try to understand our society from these very biased source of information
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so another way of thinking of how to contribute to if you want to cover some of the blind
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side of what social media can give us today to try to understand societies online is sucrose source
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or sourcing in which we're gonna engage specific groups of people to donate data it so that they don't try
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to either look at these my insides and get some clarifications of some of the limitations that exist today
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but also to try to help research namely in the social sciences were in the behavioural sciences that's
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for a long time have had the desire to understand very intricate phenomena everyday everyday life phenomena
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but that's so far have been relying largely on surveys and indirect methods of observation
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what technology brings us a great a possibility today is that because many of us are caring devices with us
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we can actually be closer to that very fine grain description of behaviour the
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social scientists have hard for a long time the wish to have
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and combining parts of automation parsonage technology and the very sound methodology that exist in social science
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we can uh we can ideally contribute to the generation remote not much
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so in all these countries i'm gonna give you a three examples of research that i've done what we've uh collaborators in the past
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our group right now is about a four to five people but typically can between five and ten people including
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pages tunes balls out in collaborations and as you will see our research is very
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interdisciplinary so much of what we do we do with people from other domains
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i wanna talk about a project that is uh has ambition of
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understanding nightlife through a crowd contributions called and asked to don't
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the second one is a pretty good we call bytes and bits and looks out
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eating behaviour and how we understand eating routines in the light for more data
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infinite i'm gonna talk about this big plus from which is a social innovation uh attempt to try to
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uh make all the people who are not necessary technologist potentially beneficiaries over the work we do
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so let's start first with the dust don't project
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what we're aiming to do a very concretely is true through our multi disciplinary partnership that includes
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a social jog refers from the university of zurich and it be limited use of alcohol consumption probably shelf
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where before in addictions wheezing that are now at the laptop university in australia
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our goal is to find a framework which we can capture
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in understand urban nightlife patterns of us uh suisse youth
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the possibilities for this is such a sensor very large because you can imagine that use i exposed to certain number of risks
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that perhaps the privileges of consumption of substance it would like to get more insights about
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job reference also care about the right this is used in how they use the spacing how the appropriate the urban space
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and for us computer scientists were interested in uh looking at the data mining aspects
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of it and how we can also build models to support these uh research
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so what is important about this project is that there's always a part has to do
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with insights in understanding in a second one has to do more with automation
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for this particular project we uh involve population of over two hundred
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young people between a sixteen in twenty five years old
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from the two major nightly hops in switzerland namely saw rick anderson and these population was
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um voluntarily willing to share data with our research team so our phone application
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uh in the was very specific uh with respect to its use we require them
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to volunteer information on friday and saturday nights between eight human for yeah
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the idea was to get a snapshot of how life uh at night he's experience by young people in these two six
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more specifically the framework that we have built which is uh not is a combination
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of sensing so the the different sensors and you can record on the phone
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location accelerometer orientation battery and so on
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combined with sort of a is that a participants in this study would have to feel themselves that would
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include for instance telling us where they where telling of the social context in which they wear
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but also is more specific for research in alcohol consumption what kind of brings the where uh
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uh drinking doing that particular moment in addition to that we're going to take photos of the drinks they took
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and as in whenever he was appropriate to take snapshots of the of the places in which they were
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so the idea here is really to combine both so shall uh
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interaction in other words are relying on people's natural uh
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brad these like they would want histogram of taking photos and videos of how they
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go about the the there live during the night dinner but also having
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in the bargain a phone that would sense sensors yeah since we're data that
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would let us uh uh essentially correlated to the kinds of information
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no i'm gonna give you a very a quick overview of some of the research questions that some of the part as having
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interested in and you know answering in some of the findings that typically we can find with these kind of framework
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very basic one is this question on uh where do people go right and when you think about social media in use what you tend
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to think about bars and restaurants and and nice places where where
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life can be active routing there's this entire discourse about how
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normative or social media is in hopper formative also socially it can be
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so it turns out that vector analysts people who are not really performing assertion yeah but i just giving data
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as they go about their their nightlife which are so that uh will have all the places in which of these sixteen to
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twenty five a young people go our private place you their their home or some of the parents or formal difference
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and this is quite interesting because this is not the double information that you would normally find all social media sources
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not another interesting aspect is that uh from dollar fifty percent is
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a public space roughly half of that are non commercial places
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which in these concrete case would be barks this street certain squares the like the the lake sites and so on
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this is interesting for for uh the european context because interested in particular
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really don't just read is not criminalist so people actually can drink like a whole it to spend time outside
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and uh but it does is very interesting about such a the the economics of being outside didn't like that
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and that means that not everybody has enough resources to go to a club every weekend every time because i've
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these are really can be a shown we
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uh with some statistics by the main important uh finding for our contacts in exercises was this
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um confirmation that young people really spend a considerable time aware for
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from commercial mightily areas with implications of that can have
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for civil disobedience and also there were substantial differences between what we found using
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colson seeing compared to what you would find in a socially just
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another example where we start to makes more the information with the social science part is this question
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on can we actually capture basic things about places how bright are there or how loud right
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if you wonder why is this important well i asked a
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superset is my have some hypotheses about certain behavioural
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um trains that might be mediated by certain environmental characteristics
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for instance the people bring more because they are in a louder plays or
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the people do certain things if they are more you know quite please
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purely because we have the video we have access to images and we also have
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access to the soundtrack so we can automatically extract basic measures of brightness
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and uh of loudness and then categorise these concrete measurement with
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respect to the different categories a place where people go
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so just to give an example we focus on the diagram on the left you can
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see for these measure of loudness they hire the the louder that uh without
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much surprise clubs events in bars i'll just as a measure uh objectively so to speak by
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by the machine and a pair of places are the quite as one but if you also look
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at the specific a case of private place it was it was how much like the variance
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and what does that a larger areas means is important
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also for social size because essentially just signals
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that a pretty place might have a multi function use another word you could
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have a quiet night with your friends with your boyfriend or girlfriend
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in a very simple environment but you can also use your probably home for part in which case the level of loudness could increase significant
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right so these basic finding can support for the research about the use of the private space by young people
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now if we look at a case of the on the right side of the slide and we focus again a couple places
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again unsurprisingly bars and clubs are the darkest places as well as this public space that is not commercial
00:11:37
because of actually look at the videos people tend to be parks completely at dark
00:11:42
or in the by by the side of the lake completely of dark and this is actually
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interesting to capture in the database actually a signal how people actually spend their money
00:11:51
right in a in a quite environment in the formal isolation where they
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can actually be free to uh do whatever uh that they wanted
00:12:01
now there are also other examples of research we can do on these kind of framework that are really more computational
00:12:06
it basically want to move from the perspective of places from looking
00:12:09
at more physical attributes to more psychological attributes of place
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so more concretely one question that one could ask is what makes a place be perceived
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i've been of a certain time for instance as a form of place was a cosy place was the dangers but
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so it turns out that we did learning right now we have the possibility of trying to understand within an image
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what are the reuse of the image that is the are used by the machine to make a certain decision
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so these two images i'm showing here have been both classified by uh didn't work as being a formal
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and then we can use a basic design decision uh i agreed and within the c. n. n. a formulation
00:12:48
that allows us to actually show that the air the corresponding these guys to ah the tablecloths
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and then when classes are what the machine has been using is using to make these decisions
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obviously a one could go very deep into into the so many try to understand
00:13:06
also the specific features of pacific subclasses of features it's just such a good point i ever
00:13:11
met the psychology in design but certainly something that the cube explore for in that but
00:13:18
if only another example of automation is this issue of could we actually identify
00:13:23
based on the sensor data which is something that we can collect where someone had drink
00:13:27
an alcoholic drink last night so the basic a framework is a simple
00:13:32
conceptually we can take data for instance from the entire previous night
00:13:36
location um motion low twos use all caps and so
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on with that train a model that good ultimately
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uh be able to respond a question but i call was consume in the previous night
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it turns out that with very simple features and relatively little data this system trained this way can
00:13:56
roughly guess three out of four times where there that night included the consumption of michael
00:14:02
and if you might wonder why could this be possible way clearly the place to juggle the company which you are uh
00:14:08
the the the fact that you are a more popular places or louder places and so
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on is informative to some degree of the specific activity of being a call
00:14:18
so i think these are just examples to try to to send the measures that thinking of processing this way enables
00:14:25
both new insights in the possibility of creating new algorithms that relate to places and activities in this particular context
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the second example is if you want the variation of the same topic but is related more to every day uh you
00:14:41
and as we know of flowed really the the food we eat is highly dependent on men context factors
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where we have a specific as the specific moment where we're by ourselves or not whether we're
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working or not but he's also in france by psychological factors how we feel about food
00:14:59
how we perceive would've been healthy or not whether we know that eating certain things are certain time will be healthier now
00:15:05
so we know i in other words that all these factors that having studied largely nutrition science
00:15:11
and for which there are theories and dials observation uh studies that can tell us how
00:15:15
people actually eat in in real life but also how big conceptual ice for
00:15:20
things a simple of these theoretically as what is some you know what's the snack so all these body of literature could
00:15:26
also be a very basic then we have the possibility of using a phone application to which people document that
00:15:32
uh their daily eating patterns in out there with the analyses like the one actually
00:15:37
scratch so we have for this in collaboration with a mess the research
00:15:41
we'll uh an application called bytes and bits that uh was decided to be around in
00:15:47
that kind of community experiment with e. p. f. l. uh as a student population
00:15:52
so the the entire a procedure was based around the development of these application
00:15:59
so which in yesterday's will be invited to download ending contribute data for number of days
00:16:04
in specifically what people were asked to do was to whenever they were having some me a meal or snack
00:16:10
they could take a picture of what they were getting the good document again shorts or they would
00:16:14
they would tell us their social context have you other factors that were important for us
00:16:20
this is kind of the the standard for the who asked people to take in the document uh in more detail
00:16:26
so again it's running age group of students were able to collect this experiment about a two hundred days of data
00:16:34
the data that they actually report all or most of their yeah it in your size next
00:16:39
as well as the context of these yeah eating locations where wayne who why so
00:16:47
in addition to that people working i think it's uh we also have information about the physical activity because there's some
00:16:52
at least hypothetically connection between the level of physical activity you have a uh these are you have four four
00:17:00
and again i'm gonna show you just a couple of examples one about the kind of insight that you can get in is gonna
00:17:04
be a superficial because of lack of time in another example of what would be the more from the the a. i. side
00:17:11
so it turns out that if we look at the aggregated patterns of these hundred
00:17:15
twenty e. p. for students with respect to where they eat meals and snacks
00:17:21
which is these applaud them showing here you can see that home and
00:17:24
school by far are the two most popular categories for eating
00:17:28
and that there is a difference between uh where you eat your meals and where you yours next
00:17:34
if you look up the battery uh of the uh corresponds to
00:17:37
home so home is the most popular category to either meals
00:17:42
with strong signals that students have the breakfast home have the dinner home
00:17:47
ah in in country to that snacking is most common at school
00:17:52
because in it doesn't make sense because this is essentially what they spend most of the time
00:17:57
uh whether they are you can see clearly it's not a a binary pattern but
00:18:02
uh there's a a certain uh consistency in terms of their bit uh trends
00:18:08
and i would look at another basic button if you look at uh the social context in which uh people in these particular publisher
00:18:14
need you can see at least so personally to me that many of these uh these meals and snacks i consume along
00:18:21
and is my also reflect the specific demographics of the population the
00:18:25
fact that many people might even studios are small homes
00:18:30
still housing where they have the on space and they by themselves but is nevertheless interesting to see that
00:18:34
whether we tend to think about getting as highly social uh event it's actually not so much
00:18:39
right because you can see a lot of uh of uh forty to forty five percent
00:18:43
of these events that people have made themselves not this can have some implications for a student
00:18:47
palpably feel in in this is something that could be also taken over by our partners
00:18:54
now we look at television part we can do with it kind of they after we do this analysis
00:18:58
uh just for purposes of illustration we essentially a
00:19:03
talk basic features that can be extracted from the counterpart basic are characteristic like the
00:19:08
time when when something was it in how much time had passed and the
00:19:12
last intake and they where people where and what it was they were doing
00:19:16
what they're watching t. v. what they doing nothing else were they working
00:19:19
and with these we again bill a standard uh classifier to try to classify as specifically the location a similar is not
00:19:27
on the various or phase seems like a trivial task because you would
00:19:31
say well we'll have to be between and seventy nine and uh
00:19:35
or eleven one and so on but it turns out that how you define your mail sense not this highly i do some credit
00:19:42
that was what i define for a meal maybe for us not inviting me a meal for me to they might not be a mail tomorrow so there
00:19:48
is actually many sources if you call them noise but realise human behaviour that
00:19:53
complicate these apparently simple task of the fish to do the minutes that
00:19:57
was is more interesting what was i thinking about going be on these as
00:20:00
in can we start train machines to predict most likely moments when
00:20:04
people are willing to or likely to eat a meal or snack okay we think of other applications that are more more with it
00:20:12
so these again illustrates the the the idea that again within
00:20:18
framework allows both both inside information was is it not
00:20:23
no like to use just the last a minute of this presentation to see how we
00:20:26
can push some of these ideas beyond appeared academic domain and try to uh
00:20:31
uh haven't measurement we we that stakeholders be on the on a university or the residual that we have built
00:20:38
a platform that we call civic that is essentially apart from that allows people to run so called experiments
00:20:44
by which they can design surveys of we can design experiment would allow you to collect the collect video so images
00:20:52
it didn't it to get technologies we can actually launch gap for you and people can connect that they're gay
00:20:58
in this context we partner with a singular sign um in that two thousand sixteen
00:21:04
because the city had these a relatively or do you need to understand what
00:21:08
was the state of street harassment in this c. d. over sign in
00:21:12
there was essentially no previous statistics and they have to come up with with
00:21:16
the way of actually measuring the state of this problem with it
00:21:19
so sort of some serious of of course the sign sessions with this and
00:21:23
with them using the the civic application away obliging a basic mobile up
00:21:27
but then would be run by specific uh city employees that are known as
00:21:31
in my correspondence of people what what is the the white not please
00:21:34
why social workers normally work on on the weekends to talk to people
00:21:39
about the different uh there's a risks involved in my life
00:21:43
they were the ones in charge of collecting information and after the study in in the
00:21:48
this that is by analysis of the data which are now that well that the
00:21:52
present the problems of the problem was much higher than anybody having my didn't end there was sort of these was that
00:21:58
to motivate for the policy by the civil sent to actively deal with the situation which until the study was
00:22:04
i've done was not solely known by that enable these process
00:22:08
of thinking about uh changing something in in d. c.
00:22:13
so i think you for your attention if i can just get with the words that summarise what what we do would would
00:22:18
like to keep doing it is this for our research people is always at the centre in technology needs to serve
00:22:25
ideally the public interest i think this example uh hopefully show you what's what's the implication
00:22:30
of that finally working across disciplines is really necessary for the work we do
00:22:35
and if you have ideas for collaborations you speak about the if

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Conference Program

Introduction by Hervé Bourlard
BOURLARD, Hervé, Idiap Director, EPFL Full Professor
Aug. 29, 2018 · 9:03 a.m.
916 views
Presentation of the «Speech & Audio Processing» research group
MAGIMAI DOSS, Mathew, Idiap Senior Researcher
Aug. 29, 2018 · 9:22 a.m.
16949 views
Presentation of the «Robot Learning & Interaction» research group
CALINON, Sylvain, Idiap Senior Researcher
Aug. 29, 2018 · 9:43 a.m.
9721 views
Presentation of the «Machine Learning» research group
FLEURET, François, Idiap Senior Researcher, EPFL Maître d'enseignement et de recherche
Aug. 29, 2018 · 10:04 a.m.
14111 views
Presentation of the «Uncertainty Quantification and Optimal Design» research group
GINSBOURGER, David, Idiap Senior Researcher, Bern Titular Professor
Aug. 29, 2018 · 11:05 a.m.
3210 views
Presentation of the «Perception and Activity Understanding» research group
ODOBEZ, Jean-Marc, Idiap Senior Researcher, EPFL Maître d'enseignement et de recherche
Aug. 29, 2018 · 11:24 a.m.
5620 views
Presentation of the «Computational Bioimaging» research group
LIEBLING, Michael, Idiap Senior Researcher, UC Santa Barbara Adjunct Professor
Aug. 29, 2018 · 11:45 a.m.
4130 views
Presentation of the «Natural Language Understanding» research group
HENDERSON, James, Idiap Senior Researcher
Aug. 29, 2018 · 2:03 p.m.
8976 views
Presentation of the «Biometrics Security and Privacy» research group
MARCEL, Sébastien, Idiap Senior Researcher
Aug. 29, 2018 · 2:19 p.m.
6512 views
Presentation of the «Biosignal Processing» research group
RABELLO DOS ANJOS, André, Idiap Researcher
Aug. 29, 2018 · 2:43 p.m.
4027 views
Presentation of the «Social Computing» research group
GATICA-PEREZ, Daniel, Idiap Senior Researcher, EPFL Adjunct Professor
Aug. 29, 2018 · 2:59 p.m.
7158 views

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