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Immunology of Milk and Lactation: Historical overview
Pearay L. Ogra
Monday, Sept. 23, 2019 · 11:01 a.m. · 45m 30s
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so i couldn't tell you it's a pleasure to be here
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again ah we have put together of wonderful program of outstanding speakers
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uh to follow me so i'm not going to talk much about the biology
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as it is currently being practised i'm
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going to provide a relatively brief historical overview
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the doctor with a router prefer softer don't talk to watch
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i know just to get their fifteen for the breast feeding them and we had been breastfeeding for a long time
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uh the the records would indicate that first hominid cindy into tarzan hunter gatherers
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storage farmers and modern and they all work breast feeding
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and the modern men in to do some caviar arts to the breast feeding and particularly
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breastfeeding was already commenting the first two to six years of life in many of many people in this audience may remember
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people were breastfed for the first three four years of live all the time it was the way to bring
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up a child and and a this was often don't
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without any supplements of men made in a a foot products
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there's also a lot of discussion about breast feeding uh in in the my tall easy if you lead
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historical facts of religious might a logical from
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the creek uh for soccer discussions in religion
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and more recently says the introduction of commercial uh products in entertainment uh
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we have been talking about breast feeding in a very different perspective then we have talked in the past
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and that we we also develop breast feeding as a fashion and where
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we introduced defined local limits what you can breastfeed what you cannot proceed
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so these are some of the interesting things which i'm not going to uh in any detail but some things we should keep in mind
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i'm going back to previously to mesopotamia babylonian culture
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the write ups about breastfeeding in ancient egypt and greece
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and the media's and and it in detail moves and and it's long in the middle east
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every part of the world breastfeeding has been a columnist on
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of the uptake and upbringing of the children
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and i think the the the patterns of
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evolution of breastfeeding have also changed time odious
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it was an alternative need everyone needs to be blasted into a lip needed
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and if there was a lactation failures or the death
00:02:47
of the model you head supplemental feeding through that nurses
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and uh and uh well it's uh what you call a alternate mechanisms of nursing
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and a note from other mammals was introduced much later
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on particularly since we got into the any calls a setting
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and had a i was fascinated with some of this uh they at best feeling was looked at and how to improve
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best supply milk and one of dung was an apple patterson egyptian culture was to to get
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the milk supply from a well known for stocking the child she was lots producing a milk
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what to let the woman sit cross legged and eat french bread of uh south door
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oh i'm not sure what the south door is but it's kind of a seedy lighting
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well rubbing her breast with poppy plants and this was supposed to be a very common way of enhancing
00:03:46
best a nude production at one time in the main
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but i think the the evolution of breastfeeding was tremendously um
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the light allies uh during the christian chose a particular the roman catholic church
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and there's a story of lactation of the or the middle class saint bernard cardinal
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uh i don't know how the f. twenty one is going to that
00:04:14
little chapel in cali motion is still very close to champagne reason in france
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and uh maybe he might have on the ad and the the the statue and this picture on the uh
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right side here is the same but no no he
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goes to kneel before the statue of words and maybe uh
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and he had a problem here is not very smart man he
00:04:39
has some mental problem that here also concerned about us at that time
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che golden bands in front of the statue offer and virgin maybe
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and suddenly the breast opens up and she knelt comes doubt and guessing does not end of designs
00:04:55
and lo and behold said but not became a miracle he became a genius
00:05:00
he became one of the most influential a piece
00:05:05
in colour will anticipating which is done by uh i think the spanish uh office in it no
00:05:13
it needed in part in what's a museum in in
00:05:17
madrid and this painting is i think having did um
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and that's chase the whole attitude about breast feeding it became a very
00:05:27
the same dignified sink and every year it's just thing to do
00:05:30
in terms of a nutrition and and the best feeling for the kitchen
00:05:40
and and this this was the way it was looked at the milk
00:05:43
of the word you kind apollo the role of the lot of christ
00:05:48
in the christian theology uh and the miracle of lactation saint bernard was a reflection of the
00:05:55
the blood of christ more or less uh which was spread on saint bernard and made him so genius
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and i think we have changed quite a bit since then as i show this picture earlier on
00:06:06
we have much better examples of a breast feeding through our that
00:06:11
made in family which a a and professor after the mentioned very briefly
00:06:18
and then it's a very highly effective mechanism of delivery of of
00:06:23
both maternal soluble and sell low uh factors uh in this
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opinion eight where the transfer products of lactation from the mother
00:06:35
in addition to that it has also a tremendous emotional factors which
00:06:40
have this has become a very important part of the mother child interaction
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in the early new needle period and subsequently in later on allies
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then i uh i was hoping by a doctor round appear would be here
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he made a quotation which is in the bottom of this that besides the sailboat north medical now we have in
00:07:04
the continuum of the justice would be to after placenta
00:07:08
the breast milk plays the role of maternal blot by delivering
00:07:13
and maternal silent low salary factors to the new in it and this may the the the also the induction of
00:07:19
micro climate isn't a whole lot not talk about that it
00:07:24
in other men in spaces but i think this is something
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there's a lot more interest coming into the transfer of maternal products which might induce a true
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kinetic relationship between the mother and the child both
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the placenta and so the uh electives and products
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and as i said i'm going to go really more than the historical perspective what i think
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uh have we have gone through and we should know that history is
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a very important part of our life and then spanish a philosopher once said
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if we know where we're coming from we know where we're going and i think in the
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history of lactation and any biological process is i think we should know where we came from
00:08:09
in the in the in the introduction of uh may need a lactation to a five thousand years ago
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milk was a cure for everything it was still a it was a cure for insomnia
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uh really through the billy piles infections cepstral this functions
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it was also very impart for contraception which has been in fact proven to be very true now
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and it was it was that it was a miracle for everything more or less for a long time
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but it was really actually ash in eighteen eighty five houdini started to
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look at milk from a biologic perspective and he demonstrated for the first time
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that meant feeding was chain associated with changes in the milk floor and or maybe
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people and uh in the second group will be talking about it and would eat it
00:09:01
and like it eighteen ninety two with the first person
00:09:05
really we showed metal it is is a good rice in
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uh they didn't use protection in the baby in the setting baby that was probably
00:09:14
one of the beginnings of maternal minutely interaction from an scientific standpoint which we know about
00:09:22
and then someone in the nineteen fifties late fifties fifty nine
00:09:27
a group colour and font were out and then our friend then hanson in early sixty ones
00:09:34
started look at it in a more elegant manner and it really start to delineate
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the biological aspects of human milk and demanded lands and this was about the same time
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we would looking that i see a tom thomas you came up with the presence of different
00:09:53
kind of a unit lot than in the others creation and nana hanson showed it in the milk
00:09:59
and that was the beginning stuff our internal logic uh have approaches to looking at in the mid
00:10:07
now what do i haven't the milk i think this is something very important
00:10:11
to keep in mind and i'm not going to go into this at all
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and i'm hoping many off our speakers don't follow through on on most of these areas
00:10:22
in some depth as we understand to the data loss number of soluble products in the milk
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in the log ins which is the first thing we should talk about and i'd focus on that
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most of the time a lot of soluble products from side to kinds and other diesel little points
00:10:43
there are uh uh actually antigens
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and that uh uh uh uh uh i suppose to a lot
00:10:52
of sectors other factors you present in the compliment to prepare a game
00:10:57
there are white approaching deride peptides these are present in the milk
00:11:02
the the end to secure factor and alpha lactic problem for two things one of them is called hamlet
00:11:09
uh and basically factor this is los hanson has been very heavily involved
00:11:13
in it and hamlet is a product you still talk to have very
00:11:17
and take chemo t. anti cancer for of uh properties which i'm i'm
00:11:23
get real small but had been working on for all these years and that many
00:11:27
other differences elected women we talk a little bit of would like to remain allies designs
00:11:32
and in addition today is the last number of other products uh prostate gland in the rubber out of our moves
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that in some carbohydrates and all because i cried so we're going to talk about them in
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some more detail in the second and the third section a of this uh uh and a conference
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in addition to these new this hollywood factors which we have in
00:11:56
the milk we have a large number of similar elements even recalls
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we did not talk about seller elements in the mid and evolution but i
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think it would be something worth looking at it the last number if he'll cells
00:12:11
their t. n. b. lymphocytes their natural killer cells that didn't
00:12:16
it excels them advises the bottom of when you play look asides
00:12:22
and more recently there's lot of evidence to suggest a the progenitor cells and stem cells
00:12:28
which are present in milk in substantial number of and which
00:12:31
may have a very important role in maternal nu metal interactions
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i'm going to focus on some of the work which
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was done in our laboratories where a number of investigators
00:12:44
in the seventies eighties so that's pretty archaic and that's
00:12:47
the and it was kind of fun a discussion i'm making
00:12:51
and relieved to the younger folks to talk about some of the newer things which are come up over the past few years
00:12:59
no in addition to their somewhat elements which at present for the
00:13:03
model and the child they also want active and while no two factors
00:13:08
which also coming from the mother into the breast milk and coming to the child
00:13:13
and isn't that bacteria why does is better suited agents that maternal
00:13:17
drugs and particulate matter they're mean and why don't we talk since
00:13:23
and the other mecca molecules which are transferred from when my milk to the baby
00:13:28
no we're going to talk about a micro bile
00:13:32
and the output collectively together and my professor walk ascension
00:13:37
and we're going to talk about some of the mecca molecules all it was accurate other things
00:13:42
in her professor longer does the session and i'm going to leave those uh to to them
00:13:48
and what the focus a little bit on the menu goblins over the next few minutes
00:13:59
i will focus primarily on many goblins and even a lot nicer types deals all the studies were done
00:14:05
in our laboratories by video grow where she start looking in early
00:14:10
uh s. seventies and late seventies what is present in the
00:14:15
milk in terms of the middle buttons and this is the
00:14:19
example of what we see it i. z. a. i. c. m. and i. d. g.
00:14:24
over a period of time beginning need a one word hundred eighty days after on
00:14:29
stiff lactation and as a c. g. i. g. a. is the predominant even available in
00:14:38
well the gestation trout electives impeded in most most people
00:14:43
and i. g. m. is relatively small quantities analogy
00:14:47
is also relatively small quantities present in the milk
00:14:53
and if one looks at the quantities in terms of many percent of talking protein
00:14:57
of i. g. i.s human eyes yay and it talked out within twenty four hours
00:15:02
use each maybe clearly i ga is the single most important in the middle of nice type
00:15:10
did you see in the mood to lobby than just it's an early on the
00:15:15
call austin has very high quantities but it goes down over a period of time
00:15:22
and these in a log ins how wide f. antibody activities i have listed some of them yeah
00:15:28
and uh some of you will be talking about more about them in more detail but you see
00:15:34
remarkable a distribution of antibody and seller
00:15:39
in a lot of activity against many of the bacteria and viruses and some
00:15:43
other fungal agents in the in in the milk in the middle of my stripes
00:15:48
and we will hear a definitely a lot more about them i'm just introducing these concepts yep
00:15:55
that was the the little options are taken up by the baby what happens to them
00:16:01
well i think most of them are exceeding the feces but small
00:16:07
amount but it's not the only part of life is picked up
00:16:10
by the babies and you can detect and this you know and these are some of the studies with body was antibodies looking at
00:16:16
from feeding of costume and you can pick up significant quantities of
00:16:21
specific antibodies to put your was what appeared have time and after seventh
00:16:26
eight is it's it disappears so it's a pass the acquisition of antibody
00:16:30
yeah uh of r. g. a. type uh from the mother to decide you because of a lactation no
00:16:40
oh i think i have the wrong slice and it
00:16:45
okay yeah we got along slides but go back here see yeah alongside okay uh i'll tell you
00:16:54
had briefly here i had to slice yeah which had put them the shows that the distribution of
00:17:02
emitted opulence in may and and other animals is quite different
00:17:08
and this is because they'll apply sanitation and lactation some
00:17:13
animals will pick up a lot of stuff to placenta
00:17:19
well not all of them most of the agriculture animals like a sheep goat
00:17:25
uh carl they don't pick up a lot too placenta man except a lot wasn't
00:17:32
and that's why you can have babies human babies without breastfeeding and the the you know the problem
00:17:40
but if you have sold these uh sell these animals particularly sleep
00:17:45
and uh i end cap if they don't get breast goodbye for five six
00:17:53
they need costume because most of the immunity come through down by the
00:17:58
costume actually sniffer seventy eight days before the closer of the g. i. tract
00:18:03
so it does seem that they may be different kinds of animals here i believe one than the black is the picture from bill butler
00:18:10
and these are the group the animals where you have a lot of accounting for the
00:18:14
plus to the uh mammary glands weatherman i. g. comes largely to the to the placenta
00:18:21
so it would seem that the i. c. a. probably
00:18:25
functions july sixteenth in the calls are of the got itself
00:18:30
at least in the man while in the hot in the summer this group to a group ching animals
00:18:36
a lot of lives she has to come from memory glance into the blood
00:18:41
circulation into the into the blue decision where the where the whole process or feeding
00:18:47
so that's probably one of the biggest difference between many of the uh spaces with no and the man man
00:18:53
it's only part of all the rabbits most of the eyes you come through the through the placenta in those situations
00:19:04
no i'm not going to talk about this the question is why do the stuff come problem in the in the milk
00:19:11
and i'm going to leave it to uh my friend persons in this decade to talk about it in more detail
00:19:17
it is really a reflection of the mothers genital mothers
00:19:20
got ten because of which provides the most important information
00:19:25
to the the the the anti anti up maternal experiences in
00:19:29
because it is transferred to the baby where the breast feeding
00:19:33
and i'm sure a jury would be talking about it in more detail later on
00:19:39
now the beef yeah we talk about this a lot components which are present in the milk
00:19:45
and this again some of the statue down in early uh late seventies by video right
00:19:51
and some of my college and here you see that there's a lot number
00:19:56
cells which are coming into it in the mail from the uh from the mother
00:20:00
in very early on uh in the uh first part of
00:20:05
lactation it cost them at the numbers of the cells drops significantly
00:20:10
and most of the services you are a particular south and
00:20:14
but is significant number of c. b. cells which are down here
00:20:19
this state line here started line and or appear of
00:20:23
sixty days is still they also disappeared from the mic
00:20:27
so there's that you're just a contribution of t. cells and other other some other components from the
00:20:35
mother to the child and whole slate jury will talk to us about about this little bitty moody to
00:20:42
and these are the studies which were done and usually the picking up a piece of
00:20:47
the activity through uh i get a stipulation
00:20:51
and one can pick up a project funding cells
00:20:58
i see
00:21:01
you see the bottom line bit which at that time we didn't know that we're the best
00:21:05
mark and we had was it or was that farming sells for t. cells at that time
00:21:10
and you see you can see large number of t. cells and that's that's at that time
00:21:14
and from looks at these cells in the costume and a pair of a lot of these babies uh one can see
00:21:21
there's a large number of better for blood cells which react just stimulation
00:21:27
with a car car car or a a a a stock i visit canada
00:21:32
and the patterns of stimulation are different in the bell for blood and
00:21:36
lymphocytes for the distribution is rather different so this is like the concentration
00:21:42
sometimes in the milk then you see in detecting blood up media these deposits
00:21:49
added this again that's why does is you see interaction for
00:21:54
about us at metal wires and wants which was done again but
00:21:57
the over a period of time so you see significant degree of diesel
00:22:02
they activated the specific antigens intuitively brought in the in the cost of lymphocytes
00:22:08
what's also fascinating that that activity also seems to be caddy
00:22:14
again probably get protection pieces of studies which were done in babies we have had a
00:22:23
a costume and cost of early on and we looked at the
00:22:27
a. m. every activity to uh to uh to p. p. d.
00:22:32
and you see a in vitro too sorry activity to p. p.
00:22:35
d. u. c. in cost when will people slide switches in the middle
00:22:39
add it better for but a mother with bottom and you see at least some of these babies do pick up
00:22:46
the activity against the p. d. f. which was shot last think after
00:22:50
um a couple weeks or so one did not see much but you do transfer this the c. t.
00:22:57
no is this the activity transferred back into x. t. cells all kinds he
00:23:02
generated on the pieces of the g. i. tract from the human eyes mothers lymphocytes
00:23:07
it's something we'll hopefully find out uh during the course of the discussion here
00:23:13
but we also see pick up this is it fair on if you see babies with her breasts that
00:23:18
you pick up the high levels of interfering in the baby's been for blood then the the switcher
00:23:23
bar comfort so there's also evidence of those kinds
00:23:26
of chipping transfer from mother to the child radicals breastfeed
00:23:33
no i'm not going to go to this in detail but just
00:23:36
wanted to make sure the other audio sack try some other soluble products
00:23:41
which are present in the milk and uh we're going to talk about these would be to
00:23:46
but they have a lot of functions at the micro function okay infirmity function their product from it
00:23:52
a role in the regulatory role and you see many of these would be discussed in more detail during the uh
00:24:00
subsequent presentations decision and and other surgeons on with
00:24:08
i know what has become recently available and i'm sorry this
00:24:13
i had to include this stuff recently because one of four speakers
00:24:18
uh could not make it and i wanted to put some of the information about the more
00:24:24
recent data on cell types which we have which we would not be able to october otherwise
00:24:29
and some of the people are going to talk get relevance in
00:24:31
terms of clinical disease our protection and it's not very high proportion of
00:24:36
uh extra long flight nobody sells particular c. four c. d. it cost the soldier present
00:24:43
and yeah yeah yeah mostly antigen specific uh and activated t. cells
00:24:50
their cells without my clothes for holding and uh i'm sure uh actually we'll talk about
00:24:57
it more off well or in detail in his discussion and then also interviewed of white cells
00:25:03
strikingly similar to t. cells and they provide protection by
00:25:07
regulating locally meeting information but also large numbers of the cells
00:25:13
and also more recently that one of the south there's a an acquittal restricted
00:25:17
because also should be cells or mitch censorship and identified in the in the milk
00:25:23
and that and uh as i mentioned is this significant contact us stem
00:25:27
cells of multiple ages which has been identified uh in the book sales
00:25:34
and does that without am i sick last longer tossed to antigens present them or there may be
00:25:38
some reason for it i don't know no maybe some of you will tell us what they are about
00:25:44
no it is because also should degenerating t. cells had been
00:25:47
looked at quite interestingly a number of studies recently and the uh
00:25:56
and then i thought it opposed t. cells that limited piece of deceptive wrap draw
00:26:01
and they comprise about less than ten percent of the circulating c. d. three was the t. cells
00:26:07
and they have very high content in the g. i. tract in the lower and the genital tract
00:26:13
and they synthesise what out of sight of kinds while seventeen
00:26:18
it from them and they also produced out of sight related products
00:26:23
and these are uniquely activated brian small molecules of vitamin
00:26:28
b. two metabolism a call the m. r. one a
00:26:31
which is very interesting to keep in mind because that molecules seems to
00:26:35
be important for some of these infections like michael bacterium recorder ensemble uh
00:26:41
and it produces molecule during uh the metabolism of the rival file and and and and and the buttons
00:26:50
and and these cells these m. i. d.s and may sell seem to activate are activated
00:26:56
and it is the host in it and act in response is quite distracted
00:27:01
and this it looked at quite scripts it's seriously in a variety of situations
00:27:06
and what seems to be uh the case that typically do so my t. cell
00:27:12
responses as seen invited disease process like
00:27:16
that tuberculosis francis utterances are the most infections
00:27:20
it's uh s. sepsis colour many fungal infections and they're also some
00:27:28
of them are one independent in fact of like wild infections like danny
00:27:33
and the city has been one of the factors which is the scene with a mate cells and diabetes
00:27:41
and other infections like a seed offices so this seems
00:27:44
to really interesting cell which has been identified in the book
00:27:48
in the costume and maybe have some important role to play and i'm
00:27:51
hoping one of four speakers to talk about it to the next presentation
00:27:57
no as i mentioned the stem cells lynn ages which i present
00:28:02
in the middle include came up waiting stem cells reason carmel stem cells
00:28:08
europa teal stem cells there also embryonic stem cells
00:28:14
and a little stem cells that important for the men would lend
00:28:17
itself so it contains a lot larger approach our half a stem cells
00:28:24
and they must have some function there's nothing use the same human biology bylaws and this is one example
00:28:32
done by uh one of my um
00:28:36
a high levels and that i needed a lot
00:28:39
earlier a doctor a min cleaner the these studies
00:28:44
and see look at is a breast milk stem cells they will uh uh
00:28:50
my children to add to the remote germ theirselves armies a double jobless cells
00:28:55
a little bit mediums yes but mostly invisible was your
00:28:58
muscles they seem to double up in an intermediate define man
00:29:05
now what the impact of the cells maybe on the host i don't know for the man i think
00:29:10
it's still remains to be determined but there are somebody
00:29:14
would start isn't there a in there and management system
00:29:21
well the the potential of these stem cells has been looked at in some detail
00:29:27
this is again a one of a doctrine in key knows a slice and
00:29:32
if you take a baby it absorbs look aside semi patina cells progenitor cells
00:29:40
in in south and uh what i'd have stem cells and able to stand up in the design of the
00:29:46
gas just another baby and from their giggle probably too
00:29:51
wide gift issues they may be going to the uh launch
00:29:55
then we went to spain then would you what are they going to bone marrow and there's also something that addresses the network break
00:30:04
so these cells may have may have an important role
00:30:08
which i think needs to be evaluated in more detail
00:30:14
and the studies which have been done so far i have summarising base here are the most and the sheep
00:30:21
are the most undergrad others you lamb and that i had
00:30:24
other boom and variety of others and this elsewhere this into traffic
00:30:30
from all the causal transmission art because the pertinent to
00:30:36
the price passes the lymph glands present it lymph nodes timeless
00:30:42
no one spleen bone marrow that because i sell to document was uh the gasket helium and the print
00:30:50
so fascinating concept that maybe when you have something in the best mood which could be used
00:30:57
in in in a tent updated mechanism for human disease or regulation of human responses the man
00:31:06
no
00:31:08
this is what i mentioned them and maternal michael kind that isn't a
00:31:12
hat has seemed to be associated with doctor says it looks like issues because
00:31:17
a lot of these says r. c. fifty seven b. l. my seven looking at
00:31:22
and in in these mice what has been seem to the metal of the
00:31:25
cells seem to localise specifically in the class sizes of the of the pop
00:31:32
what they do there i think is something which we need to understand that maybe you need to have some information about this
00:31:40
that's one of the cells found in you know top last passes are mostly side to taxes emphasise
00:31:46
and they have very high levels of apple for beta
00:31:48
seven ounces yeah nine desert duct forming this actress on them
00:31:54
and very low levels of receptors which which well homing
00:31:58
for my uh uh and a systemic coming out into guns
00:32:02
so there is something special licensing of many of these cells what they got reportage
00:32:15
so what the function maybe in the whole starting something we have to consider
00:32:20
and then it would be interesting to see whether anyone has any data new data to look at it
00:32:26
a dialogue window regulations specify functions of the neural and because of the
00:32:30
room system some of which is well known it does it does influence
00:32:35
don't open them because uh looks like this it tremendously there's no question about that
00:32:40
but the the mike the maternal michael michael kind that isn't true breast milk
00:32:44
they'll induce a a metal progenitor and stem cells in the
00:32:50
nude and have effect on the development of minutely affected me responses
00:32:55
or minutely dishes a repeal i think ought to possibilities which haven't looked hard and the
00:33:01
fact is some evidence just that that may in fact be happening in some of the situations
00:33:07
no we also know that the the method of milk cells seem to
00:33:11
differentiate into alveolar and doctoral my ideal cells was actually the first slide
00:33:17
and that they are probably remote related to the
00:33:20
formation of humanity should during lectures genesis in the morning
00:33:25
and the difference it didn't go um as precise uh in the
00:33:30
in the brain ends one of the animal experiments such a fascinating ecstasy
00:33:34
that they do they do a different shape into these uh cells
00:33:39
which uh which promoted blow been back here integrity in their animals
00:33:43
but there's something like this can happen but man i think remains to be a remains to see
00:33:54
not have this i i mentioned the foster breastfeeding by
00:33:58
the this was this is yet be positive protein expressing interest in mice
00:34:03
and this value transfer these mice you have transferred obviously pasta maternal cells into cycling
00:34:10
s. and the blood brain barrier in the blog disadvantage which is very interesting
00:34:15
and the and the cells also difference it into your own little imply else has into something great
00:34:24
so this may be a breast shake breast milk mediated by the time it isn't which might happen in fact
00:34:30
in a definitely happens animals systems does it happen in the human system
00:34:36
i have no idea this is something one is to look at in the context of where we are today
00:34:43
i showed the slide but i will probably this uh that
00:34:46
we know by coke i'm i wasn't it can take place through
00:34:49
uh_huh uh our circulation and it can also take place through my uh through breast feeding
00:34:55
and there are some unique characteristics for this uh in the breast feeding induced might time isn't versus
00:35:02
uh upper electives like it was a maternal pregnancy induced to make quite nice
00:35:09
uh it's comforting to have twos two slices i'm not here um
00:35:15
but this is one of the possibilities which as was suggested that these
00:35:19
uh human breast milk stem cells may have rolling regionally to madison in man
00:35:25
uh it may be in uh the the exhibit low to me recently
00:35:29
potential ability to induce terror thomas with maybe something people have talked about it
00:35:35
the needy suitable for tall because trance transplantation something what
00:35:39
worked looking that might be less headache for the recipient
00:35:44
and then have important so they made their importance also sells a stroke associated but always in the brain
00:35:51
do the different station into goes back to producing sets this has been tried in animal models i'm not sure that
00:35:58
then if human data where is the look try to any maybe a handy no might have some information about it now
00:36:06
and they may be able to differentiate and and that he likes thousands are designed to regulate
00:36:12
it in an environment and a is exactly but it's true this is a possibility which i've been suggested
00:36:17
this in the cost of um these stem so there's been present in the mail
00:36:23
so like to conclude at this point with what we have seen
00:36:27
angel for if we look at the model and then ian eight
00:36:31
and what is channels looking them over to the new in it we have solar cell of factors
00:36:37
like timit log ins and diesel subset of these factors immune complexes and even more
00:36:42
the latest of columns are regulation of remove this monsters would how michael bowman why room
00:36:51
we have other protective factors ah these uh people out it's all it was sacked lives and
00:36:56
like a proteins to go through the factors we're going to come clerk look at these two factors
00:37:03
it and it and what i talked about initially in
00:37:07
the subsequent discussions during this uh present during this seven
00:37:12
but i wanted dish show it to things which maybe a relevant to the discussions which will follow
00:37:20
uh and uh my presentation and that is related to this one thing is to responses
00:37:26
for um for um a a topic and on
00:37:30
a topic situations were breastfeeding maybe an important factor
00:37:34
and you see in our e. p. a. told responses are
00:37:39
relatively common in on a topic children early on and uh
00:37:45
and it appears to responses are let you down in on it up
00:37:49
which and what it all but you don't have a hide these two responses
00:37:53
and this needed relatively important in the context
00:37:56
of breastfeeding because breastfeeding bylaws seems to promote
00:38:01
q. s. one type of responses and this may be important to subsequent discussions which we're going to have
00:38:06
about the allotment of allergy and even the modulation in the
00:38:11
context of breast feeding which one to follow uh these two presentation
00:38:15
the last thing i want to tell you about this is from thousands of years and more recently
00:38:20
is about fertility and breastfeeding and this is the
00:38:23
data which is collected in nineteen eighty four looking at
00:38:27
fully breastfed babies mothers and breast fed babies early
00:38:31
reading and no breastfeeding if you look at yeah
00:38:35
pregnancy periods where they have a boss
00:38:39
intervals it's really remarkable that fully breastfed babies
00:38:42
have my mother some much larger but intervals then daily so i've not best fit
00:38:49
so so the concept of contraception like to breastfeeding is the is
00:38:54
something which is have the time to to work with it i
00:39:01
i don't like to close with this final statement here
00:39:06
and this is from six hundred b. c. it's a it's all
00:39:11
those do them faces maybe child area on your military no longer lives
00:39:17
like the bowlers made immortal digits of next
00:39:22
and then one of my one of my colleagues mostly passed a frank ascii
00:39:30
wasn't gonna be just human taught just he said and this is something worth looking at it
00:39:37
imagine that the well he had created a new dream
00:39:40
product to see it in a nice everyone bought no notes
00:39:46
in national to get it was available every
00:39:48
word required no storage or delivery and help mothers
00:39:55
plan the families and reduce the risk of cancer then imagine that it will refuse to use it
00:40:04
i think this is something which which uh which was so remarkable he died young
00:40:10
he was in syracuse interviews to pennsylvania a remarkable human being
00:40:14
and uh this was kind of his hobby to look at breast feeding
00:40:18
he was really limit on this in some remote converged on the t. v.
00:40:25
and i just want to close with this uh this uh the young lady whose presented this picture
00:40:30
did most of the word uh in my lab shows the principal investigator
00:40:36
and also happen to me my partner uh my wife she died very young
00:40:44
and there are a number of other people i had the slide which was lost in the transition
00:40:50
these were people doctor okamoto gotta chiba a doctor
00:40:54
gonna follow doctor goldman i'm a doctor with a um
00:41:00
randy goal bloom and the number of other people who works in our laboratory in
00:41:05
buffalo over the years to come to do to do studies which i discussed very briefly
00:41:13
and i would have liked to close here but we are going for lunch and uh now
00:41:21
any questions but we'll go for months later on but the next presentation would be why i have the slide here
00:41:28
uh our next presenters just make sure we remember who he
00:41:31
is and what he did and we'll talk about them later on
00:41:35
and that's about it i think if i'd be happy to answer any questions
00:41:45
yesterday
00:41:49
now how nice lecture i was attempting to show i'm
00:41:56
like family guy from this part of this thing point is
00:42:06
action uh
00:42:07
my mom's ah ha ha ha ha ha
00:42:17
it's things both of them um oh interesting things
00:42:28
well i should for example in one point six two because uh i think i think like
00:42:44
ah wow same price i saw in price
00:42:55
uh i think in the ah like that's right that's right
00:43:08
and and let you know
00:43:12
that's that's history that's i think it's history is very important part of biology
00:43:18
yes uh_huh
00:43:26
ah ha ha ha
00:43:29
have ah p. s.
00:43:37
ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha
00:43:47
that's why i like it and you know ah ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha ha c.
00:44:00
ah ha ha ha ha i ah s. f.
00:44:10
okay wow e. o. s. s. function sure sure that's ah i
00:44:26
hey i huh
00:44:29
there's no ah or silence that you are either very low
00:44:38
oh no the work really in the in the blob another
00:44:41
signal new thing what i wish we had a little bit
00:44:44
continuity with the others p. c.'s who don't didn't log ins
00:44:50
and there are many species who have only i see um uh i don't know
00:44:55
whether they have anything in the milk which is really compensating for lack of lies you
00:45:03
but that's why the function maybe advise the in
00:45:06
the milled addicted predominantly incredulity mechanism including market where
00:45:16
any other questions or comments
00:45:20
well we'll have fifteen more minutes to eat
Conference Program
NNIW94 Opening
Dr. Natalia Wagemans, MD
Sept. 23, 2019 · 9 a.m.
Dedication to Lars A Hanson
Pearay L. Ogra
Sept. 23, 2019 · 9:10 a.m.
138 views
Key Note Lecture: The Evolution of Lactation in Mammalian Species
Olav T. Oftedal
Sept. 23, 2019 · 9:29 a.m.
678 views
Immunology of Milk and Lactation: Historical overview
Pearay L. Ogra
Sept. 23, 2019 · 11:01 a.m.
450 views
Common Mucosal Immune System
Jiri Mestecky
Sept. 23, 2019 · 1:03 p.m.
446 views
Immunomodulatory components of Human Colostrum and Milk
Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova
Sept. 23, 2019 · 1:57 p.m.
481 views
Influence of Breastfeeding on Immune Trajectory and long-term Immune Health
Valerie Verhasselt
Sept. 23, 2019 · 3:33 p.m.
426 views
Milk and immune competence in prevention of allergy and infections
Carine Blanchard
Sept. 23, 2019 · 4:31 p.m.
511 views